Professor Ashley Hall

Ashley actively researches through practice-based design projects. He writes and publishes in a range of areas, including design resilience, innovation methods, design thinking, globalisation design, cultural transfer, experimental design, design pedagogy and design for safety.

Research practice has often involved participatory and co-design explored through different methods and tools in public, specialist and industrial contexts across diverse cultures and countries. His theoretical work makes contributions to design thinking with a focus on governance, onotology, epistemology and the temporal aspects of design as a third culture of thinking, design and innovation methods explored through applied practices and fieldwork, design research methods, cultural exchange through design and making practices, how design has powered globalisation impacts, new approaches to design future methods, knowledge and capability gaps in design for safety and innovative methods for teaching design led innovation.

Diplomat was formed in 1999 and is the design partnership of Ashley Hall and Matthew Kavanagh, who have designed furniture and products for some of the top brands in their sector including ArrMet, Covo, Artifort, Edra, Sintesi, Saporiti, Supporto and Zeritalia. Their work includes the development of product ranges for mass production and an experimental line of furniture using new materials, structures and technologies. 

Logitech, New economic Model for the Oceans 2021–23

Huawei, Future Design Identity. 2017–20

Lloyds Register Foundation, Global Design for Safety Foresight Review. 2017–18

Huawei, Design Identity. 2014–16

Lloyds Register Foundation, Ship to Ship Transfers Safety Grand Challenge grant, 2016–17

EPSRC Redistributed manufacturing. CI for Circular Makerspaces. Executive committee member, 2016

Co-Investigator on the Transport Systems Catapult exploring sentiment analysis for disruption on transportation systems, 2013

British Council Korea, grant to support GoGlobal exhibition, book publication and accommodation, 2012

Seoul Design Foundation, grant to support exhibition and GoGlobal book publication, 2012

AHRC Network Grant, We Are all Designers, with Northumbria University, 2012

British Council India, grant to support publication of GoGlobal book and travelling exhibition, 2011

British Council Korea, grant to support GoGlobal exhibition, book publication and accommodation, 2012

Seoul Design Foundation, grant to support exhibition and GoGlobal book publication, 2012

LDOC Doctoral Award Symbiotic relationships in environments of change, 2016 

Microsoft Research Doctoral award. Designing the design of the internet of things, 2015 

AHRC Collaborative Doctoral Award, Mannequins for the 21st Century, V&A/RCA, 2014 

AHRC Collaborative Doctoral Award, Mannequins for the 21st Century, V&A/RCA, 2014–17

Ashley’s current research included NEMO; a New Economic Model for the Oceans which involves designing and installing an AI camera sensor package onto a ship sailing between Greenland and the UK. The data visualisation identifies diverse objects on the surface of the ocean supporting the connection between human actions and Ocean climate and pollution issues. Future planned research will develop new innovations to improve the future of the ocean and the connection between data gathering and diverse Ocean stakeholders.

Ashley’s collaborative research has been funded by the AHRC, EPSRC, industrial partners and foundations. Recent research funded by the Lloyds Register Foundation includes a design for safety foresight review and saving lives at sea leading several groups designing new innovations for saving lives. He has also researched on design identity for Huawei between 2014-2020. Other commercial projects with published research outcomes have been developed for British Airways focussed on the future of flying.

He co-authors on a wide range of subjects including: design resilience, design for safety, design thinking, innovation methods, design futures, cultural transfer, design pedagogy, design cybernetics, design epistemology, aesthetics and design engineering.

Conference and Journal Papers

Wojdecka, A., Balint, T., Hall, A., (2022) Designing Out Unwanted Healthcare Futures: A New Framework For Healthcare Design Innovation with Intent, EPDE Sept 6-8th 2022, South Bank Univeristy, London.

Fernando Galdon & Ashley Hall (2022): (Un)Frayling design research in design education for the 21Cth, The Design Journal, DOI: 10.1080/14606925.2022.2112861

Hall, A., Bremner, C., et al (2022), State of Design Report 2, Royal College of Art.

Lin, Z., Hall, A., and Sommer, B. (2022) Designing experiences for IoT products: A case study testing existing UX frameworks, in Lockton, D., Lenzi, S., Hekkert, P., Oak, A., Sádaba, J., Lloyd, P. (eds.), DRS2022: Bilbao, 25 June - 3 July, Bilbao, Spain. https://doi.org/10.21606/drs.2022.593

Sommer, B., Sayuti, A., Lin, Z., Bohra, S., Kayganaci, E., Hu, J., Zheng, C.Y., Lee, C.H., O'Donoghue, S., Hall, A., and Anderson, P. (2022) Spatialized video communication platforms: Applications in design education and conferencing, in Lockton, D., Lenzi, S., Hekkert, P., Oak, A., Sádaba, J., Lloyd, P. (eds.), DRS2022: Bilbao, 25 June - 3 July, Bilbao, Spain. https://doi.org/10.21606/drs.2022.735

Hall, A., Phillips, R., Fantini, D., Chapman, J., and Tooze, J. (2022) Design Dematerialisation: Opportunities through reduction, in Lockton, D., Lenzi, S., Hekkert, P., Oak, A., Sádaba, J., Lloyd, P. (eds.), DRS2022: Bilbao, 25 June - 3 July, Bilbao, Spain. https://doi.org/10.21606/drs.2022.1081

Galdon, F., and Hall, A. (2022) Deep products via undisciplined stewardship: Towards an environmentally- led design pedagogy for the 21st century, in Lockton, D., Lenzi, S., Hekkert, P., Oak, A., Sádaba, J., Lloyd, P. (eds.), DRS2022: Bilbao, 25 June - 3 July, Bilbao, Spain. https://doi.org/10.21606/drs.2022.455

Hall, A., (2022) At the heart of this was an effort to train failure resilience and to make failure a natural and desired part of the innovation process, Design Engineering - Sustainable and Holistic, Wachs, M,E,(Ed), Avedition, Verlag Niggli. ISBN 9783721210163

Hall, A., Ferrarello, L., Anderson, P., Grinyer, C., Stevens, J., Lee, C. H., Galdon, F., and Fiadeiro, R., (2021), Design for Safety Grand Challenge, report. Hall, Ashley, Wojdecka, Anna, (2021), De-anthropocentrising healthcare design, Zhangshi, 126 (4). pp. 20-25.

Hall, A., Bremner, C., et al (2021), State of Design Report 1, Royal College of Art.

Ferrarello, L., Fiadeiro, R., Hall, A., Galdon, F., Anderson, P., Grinyer, C., Stevens, J., Heel Lee, C., (2021) Learning Remotely through Diversity and Social Awareness, Learn X Design 2021, Shandong University, Jinan, China.

Wojdecka, A., Hall, A., Judah, G., (2021), Hands-on behaviour change: a new blended approach to healthcare design education, Engineering and Product Design Education Conference, Denmark.

Galdon, F., Hall, A., Ferrarello, L., (2021), Enhancing Abductive reasoning in design and engineering education via probabilistic knowledge; A case study in AI, Engineering and Product Design Education Conference, Denmark.

Pulley, R, Hall, A, Burkitt, E (2021), Theatre of the Imagination: Blueprint Exchange, Designing for Children with focus on 'Play and Learn', 28th - 30th, January 2021, IDC School of Design, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India.

Pau, S., Hall, A., (2020), New Spaces for Healthcare Futures Studies: Connecting Existing Theory to New Participatory Practice, Futures Journal, Elsevier.

Pau, S., Hall, A., (2020), Beyond Speculation: Using imperfect experts for designing the collective futures of healthcare for space, Proceedings of the 6th International conference Design 4 Health, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Ferrarello, L., Hall, A., Anderson, A., Cooper, R., Ross, C., (2020), Designing Cross-Disciplinary Relationships for Improving Safety, Design Research Society 2020, Brisbane, Australia.

Galdon, F., Hall, A., Wang, S., (2020), Designing trust in highly automated virtual assistants: A taxonomy of levels of autonomy, Artificial Intelligence in Industry 4.0: A collection of innovative research case-studies.

Galdon, F., Hall, A., Ferrarello, L., (2020), Futuring and trust; A prospective approach to designing trusted futures via a comparative study among design future models, DCS 2020 Scenarios, Speculation, Strategies.

Galdon, F., Bertelsen, S., Hulse, J., Hall, A., (2020), Object-Oriented-Upcycling: An object-based approach to the circular economy, International Upcycling Symposium 2020 at De Montfort University in Leicester, UK on 4th September 2020.

Galdon, F., Hall, A., Ferrarello, L., (2020), Synthetic Consequential Reasoning: Facilitating the design of synthetic morality in highly automated systems via a multidimensional-scalar framework, In: Ahram, Tareq, Taiar, Redha, Gremeaux-Bader, Vincent and Aminian, Kamiar, (eds.) Human Interaction, Emerging Technologies and Future Applications II. IHIET 2020. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 1152 . Springer, Cham, Switzerland, pp. 501-506. ISBN 978-3-030-44266-8

Galdon, F., Hall, A., (2020), The right to repair; building, maintaining and repairing trust in the emerging era of highly autonomous systems, IHIET 2020, Lausanne Switzerland.

Hall, A., (2020) Design Thinking: Governing Inter-Domain Thinking for Tackling the Anthropocene, The Design Journal, 23:1, 71-89,DOI: 10.1080/14606925.2019.1693211

Hall, A., Ferrarello, L., Anderson, P., Cooper, R., Ross, C., (2019). Designing Design for Safety, International Association of Societies of Design Research, Manchester, UK.

Galdon, F., Hall, A., (2019) Prospective design: A future-led mixed-methodology to mitigate unintended consequences, International Association of Societies of Design Research, Manchester, UK.

Galdon, F., Hall, A., (2019) The Ontological Nature of Design: Prospecting new futures through probabilistic knowledge, Design for Change Symposium, Design Museum, London

Sanzeni, F., Hall, A., Anderson A., (2019) Future Forecasting Wicked Problems: A New Framework For Design, DesForm 19, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA.

Hall, A., Leff, D., Wojdecka, A., Kinross, J., Thompson, P., Darzi, A., (2019) Beyond the healthcare paradigm: co-creating a new model for collaborative transdisciplinary healthcare design education, Engineering and Product Design Education Conference, Glasgow, September 2019

Wachs, M.E., Hall, A. (2019) European driving range – innovative landscapes for a tangible, non-hierarchical learning space within a material and immaterial togetherness, Engineering and Product Design Education Conference, Glasgow, September 2019

Hall, A., Cheng, S., (2018) Designing Globalisation Design, Engineering and Product Design Education Conference, London, September 2018

Hall, A., Ferrarello, L., Li, W., (2018) Introducing tangible aesthetics: Contrasting the introduction of aesthetic analysis tools for product designers and interdisciplinary design researchers, Engineering and Product Design Education Conference, London, September 2018

Anderson, P., Hall, A., Ferrarello, L., Cooper, R., Ross, C., (2018) Foresight Review on Design for Safety, Lloyds Register Foundation, London.

Hall, A, Ferrarello, L., Kann, M., (2017), Safety Grand Challenge: Safe Ship Boarding and Thames Safest River 2030, Report for the Lloyds Register Foundation, pp 128. ISBN: 978-0-9561364-3-5

Ferrarello, L., Hall, A., Kann, M., Hee Lee, C., (2017), Collaborating Design Risk, IASDR Conference, November 2017, Cincinnati, USA.

Hall, A., Kann, M., Ferrarello, L., Pulley, R., (2017), Encouraging Creative Risk to Reduce Risk to Life, Engineering and Product Design Education Conference, Oslo, Norway, September 2017.

Hall, A., (2017), Is Globalised Design Education Killing Design Variety? Engineering and Product Design Education Conference, Oslo, Norway, September 2017.

Pulley, R., Hall, A., Burkitt, E., (2017), Make Your Move: Exploring a Pedagogic Toolkit for Creative Development and Global Learning in Primary Education, Learn X Design, June 2017, Ravensbourne, London.

Hall, A., (2016), Designing Creative Destruction, Design Research Society Conference, Brighton, UK, June 2016.

Hall, A., Bahk, Y., Gordon, L., Wright, J., (2016), The Elastic Octopus: A Catalogue of Failures for Disrupting Design Education, Engineering and Product Design Education Conference, Aalborg, Denmark, September 2016.

Hall, A., (2015), Ubiquitous Tendencies: Cultural Inspirations and the Future of Industrial Design for Mass Production, Korean Society of Design Science, Archives of Design Science, November 2015.

Balint, T., Hall, A. The Role of Cybernetics in Planetary Probe Missions, 12th International Planetary Probe Workshop, Cologne, Germany, June, 2015.

Balint, T., Hall, A., Humanly Space Objects, Connection and Perception with the Observer, Acta Astronautica, Elsevier, January, 2015.

Balint, T., Hall, A. How to Fly your Humanly Space Object, 66th Annual Astronautical Congress, Jerusalem, 2015.

Gaudion, K., Hall, A., Myerson, J., Pellicano, L. A Designer's Approach, How Can Autistic Adults with Learning Disabilities be Involved in the Design Process? CoDesign: International Journal of CoCreation in Design and the Arts, Taylor & Francis, January, 2015.

Gaudion, K., Hall, A., Myerson, J., and Pellicano, L. (2015). Design and Wellbeing: Bridging the empathy gap between neurotypical designers and autistic adults. In Mani, M., and Kandachar,

P., Design for Sustainable Well-being and Empowerment, IISc Press and TU Delft, 61-77.

Rogers, P., Hall, A., Winton, E., Land, E. & Aurisicchio, M., (2013), Are we all Designers, International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education, Dublin Institute of Technology, Ireland

Torrisi, S. & Hall, A., 2013, Missing Miscommunications in Interdisciplinary Design Practice, International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education, Dublin Institute of Technology, Ireland.

Hall, A., Childs, P., Wuggetzer, I., & Mayer, T. (2013). Future aircraft cabins and design thinking: Optimisation vs. Win-win scenarios, Propulsion and Power Research, Elsevier.

Yan, Y., Childs, P. & Hall, A., 2013, An Assessment of Personality Traits and Their Implications for Creativity Amongst Innovation Design Engineering Masters Students Using the MBTI and KTS Instruments, 19th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED13)

Hall, A., Kulkarni, A., & Konate, B. (2012). Foroba Yelen: Portable sustainable solar lighting for remote Malian villages. E&PDE2012, Artesius University, Antwerp, Belgium.

Hall, A., Childs, P., Wuggetzer, I., & Mayer, T. (2012). Future aircraft cabins and design thinking: Optimisation vs. Win-win scenarios. In Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on jet propulsion and power engineering, Sept 10-12 Xi'an, China ISJPP-2012.

Hall, A. & Barker, T. (2011). Design and geographically liberated difference. Design Principles and Practice: An International Journal, 5(3), pp 507-516.

Hall, A. (2011). Experimental design: Design experimentation. Design Issues, 27(Number 2, Spring 2011), 17-26pp.

Yao, W. & Hall, A. (2011). The transferal of cultural factors from traditional Chinese folk art into contemporary product designs. Design Principles and Practice.

Barker, T. & Hall, A. (2010). Design collectives in education: Evaluating the atelier format and the use of teaching narrative for collective cultural and creative learning, and the subsequent impact on professional practice, Alternative Practices in Design: Past Present and Future, RMIT.

Barker, T. & Hall, A. (2009). GoGlobal: How can contemporary design collaboration and e-commerce models grow the creative industries in developing countries? International Association of Societies of Design Research Conference, Seoul, Korea.

Hall, A. (2009). Context and cohabitation of linear and non-linear systems in design. International Association of Societies of Design Research Conference, Seoul, Korea.

Hall, A. & Childs, P. (2009). Innovation design engineering: Non-linear progressive education for diverse intakes. International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education, September 10-11, University of Brighton, UK, pp 312-317.

Books & Book Chapters

Hall, A., Ferrarello, L., (2020), Flight of the future, Royal College of Art, London. ISBN 9780956136442

Hall, A., (2017), The Emergence of Translocation in The Encyclopaedia of Asian Design Vol 4. Bloomsbury, London.

Hall, A., Nahar, P (eds.) 2017. GoGlobal India: Craftology ISBN: 978-0-9561364-1-1

Prendiville, S., Hartung, G., Purvis, E., Brass, C., & Hall, A. (2016). Makespaces: From Redistributed Manufacturing to a Circular Economy. In Sustainable design and manufacturing. (pp. 577-89). UK: Springer.

Hall, A. (2016), Sports Innovation, New Models and Future Potential. In Southgate, D., Childs, P, Bull, A. (Eds.), Sports Innovation Technology and Research, UK, World Scientific.

Tek-Jin, N. & Hall, A. (eds.), 2013, Designing Social City Experiences, MKC, South Korea ISBN: 978-89-968697-3-3

Hall, A., Childs, P. R., Chao, Z., & Liu, Z. (2012). GoGlobal rural-urban. Beijing, China: Water publishing ISBN: 978-7-5084-9423-4

Mars Rover project sponsored by NASA, ESA, Thales Alenia, PRAMAC (Booklet/poster) 2011

Bin 2 Bin and Space hotel IDE module sponsored by Guzzini 2011

Sunny Delight, Ross Lovegrove Masterclass with IDE 2008 ISBN: 978-0-9561364-0-4

Barker, T. & Hall, A. (2010). E-Artisans: Contemporary design for the global market. In G. Adamson,

G. Riello, & S.Teasley (Eds.), Global Design History. UK: Routledge.

Hutchison Whampoa, Future of Communications, 2008

Industrial Collaborations Secured and Delivered (over £1.2m):

Oppo Research and practice Supernormal collaboration, 2021–6

LG Displays, Future OLED Designs, 2021

British Airways Flights of the future

Ford eBike and Taxi project, IDE 5 week sponsored commercial module, 2013

Pernod Ricard, future domestic entertainment, 2013

Samsung, Innovation consultancy on new generation products and materials, 2012

Philips- 3rd age of lighting, 4-week sponsored commercial student module, 2012

Ford Younger Buyers, IDE 4-week sponsored commercial module, 2012

Ford Minivan, 1-day Consultancy brainstorming at Dunton HQ, 2012

Ford Millennials, IDE 4-week sponsored commercial module, 2011

PRAMAC, Elmar, Guzzini, Mars Rover IDE sponsored Commercial module, 2011

Coca Cola, Olympic pavilion interaction, 4-week commercial module and realisation, 2011

BBC, Future of the remote, 4-week sponsored commercial/research project, 2011

Airbus Industries, Future aircraft cabin 2030, IDE consultancy project, 2010

Bodo Sperlein, IDE commercial consultancy project, 2010

Guzzini, Bin 2 Bin, 1-week commercial workshop, book and exhibition output, 2010

Ford Smart Thinking, IDE 4-week sponsored commercial module, 2009

Filup, IDE commercial consultancy, 2008

McLaren, Swarovski & Sharp Solar, Sunny Delight 4-week commercial module, 2008

Unilever, Cues for Success, IDE commercial consultancy, 2008

TK Maxx, IDE 4-week sponsored commercial module, 2007

02 Mobile, Mutations, 4-week IDE commercial project, book output, 2007

Hutchison Whampoa / 3 Mobile, 4-week student module with book and exhibition output, 2007

Inductive Learning, IDE consultancy project, 2007

Classical Opera Company with Sir Jonathan Miller, Mozart Opera sets, 4-week commercial project, 2007

International collaborations

GoGlobal Cape Town 2016, Design Enterprise for emerging businesses in the Townships.

Design Thinking workshops with Tokyo University i-School to support post Tohoku regeneration projects, Japan, 2014.

GoGlobal Israel-Palestine, developing a cross-border design-enterprise collaboration with Shenkar College, Palestinian craft and rehabilitation groups in the west bank and Israel and the Perez Centre for Peace, 2014.

Future Making research workshop, Shenkar College of Design and Engineering, Tel Aviv Israel, 2013

GoGlobal Australia 2013, Rio Tinto sponsored sports Innovation Challenge, 4-week collaborative module with the University of Technology in Sydney. Module development team, public lecture and tutoring.

Translocated Making, 3-week workshop at the National Institute of Design, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India 2012 GID New York Workshop, 1 week workshop with Keio (Tokyo) and Pratt Institute (NY), planning and delivery, 2012

GoGlobal South Korea, 4 week international collaborative module for 35 IDE students, joint set-up manage and deliver at the Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) in Daejeon. 2011

Foroba Yelen, Mali, Portable solar lighting, Social enterprise 1-year project taking a group of 5 students and 1 member of staff to work in remote Malian villages in the Segou region for 2-weeks, set up manage and deliver, 2011

Urban Delights workshop UTS Sydney, Australia, set up manage and deliver, 2011

GoGlobal India 2011, 4 week international collaborative module for 35 students at the National Institute of Design in Ahmedabad, India, joint set-up manage and deliver.

Shock and Awe workshop, UTS Sydney 2010, 3-week workshop for 25 students, set up manage and deliver.

GoGlobal China 2010, 3-week international collaborative module for 30 students, set up manage and deliver at Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

RMIT Melbourne, Australia, Guerrilla Cities, 3-week workshop at SIAL, Design and Architecture, set up and deliver.

GoGlobal Ghana 2009, Joint setup and deliver a 4-week collaborative module for 20 IDE students at KNUST, Kumasi with British Council.

Futuremakers workshop, set up and deliver 1-week workshop at the Kunsthøgskolen i Oslo (KHiO) Norway, 2009

GoGlobal Japan 2008, lecturing and managing on a 3-week international collaborative module for 26 IDE students at Tsukuba University.

GoGlobal China 2007, lecturing and managing on a 3-week international collaborative module for 25 IDE students at Tsinghua University, Beijing

GoGlobal Thailand 2006-7, working in Thailand with the Thai Creative Design Centre (TCDC) in Bangkok and a range of manufacturers to produce 12 products, import to the UK and retail sales.

Keynotes and Invited Lectures (selection)

Extreme E Dorset XPrix Explorer lounge ‘Tipping Point’ talk, December 2021

International Conference on Design Futures Keynote, November 2021

Business of Design Week Hong Kong Keynote ‘AI and future of Design Education’, November 2020

IFI Awards Judge and Keynote Speaker, Dubai, February 2020

International Convergence Design Conference Keynote Speaker, Tsukuba, Japan, December 2019

Invited Talk, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing, China, November 2019

MedDesign Conference, Keynote Speaker, Shenkar College, Israel, April 2019

Textilepop Symposium, Keynote Speaker, Dusseldorf, Germany April 2019

Future Unknown, Central Academy of Fine Arts, Beijing, Keynote Speech and Chairing Panel Session, December 2018

Days of Industrial Design, Skolkovo Innovation centre, Moscow Russia, Keynote speech & panel session June 2018

Future Unknown, Central Academy of Fine Arts, Beijing, Keynote Speech and Chairing Panel Session, November 2017

Lloyd Register Foundation Conference, Institution of Engineering and technology, London, October 2016

Autodesk Digital Catapult Future of Making Day, keynote speech, Euston, London April 2016

Cape Peninsular University Cape Town, Innovation Edge, March 2016

Taipei City International Design Prize keynote speech, Taipei, October 2015

Lotus Design Prize keynote speech, Changsha, China, October 2014

Kyushu University, Japan, Innovation Edge, August 2014

Design Research, keynote speech at the 2nd International Central China Art & Design forum, Jingdezhen, 2013

Translocated Making, doctoral lecture at Imperial College London, 2013

Harambe Entrepreneurs Forum speaker, Pontificate Council for Justice and Peace, Vatican, Rome, 2013

Translocated Making, public lecture during Sydney design week at the University of Technology Sydney, 2013

Social City Software, web TV broadcast at SDF, Seoul, South Korea 2012

Innovation Edge, Keynote and public lecture, Daegu, South Korea 2011

Chairs, Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College, London 2009, 2010

How to Invent, IISc Bangalore, India 2010

Turning smart ideas into reality, Sydney Design week public lecture, Australia 2010

How to Invent, Jinan University, Shandong Province, China 2010

Africa Experimental, UTS Sydney, Australia, 2010

How to Invent, RMIT Graduate Research Conference keynote, Melbourne, Australia, 2010

Innovation and the New Type of Design, Microsoft Research Centre, Beijing, China, 2010

Contemporary Homewares, to KNUST faculty and students, Kumasi Ghana, 2009

Redesign or Die! UTS cross-faculty lecture, Sydney, Australia, 2009

How to Invent, Hongik University, Seoul, South Korea, 2009

UNESCO Design City Keynote, Shenzhen, China, 2009

GoGlobal Thailand project presented at the Design Crafts seminar at London School of Economics (LSE) 2006.